افتراضي بحث أنجليزية لتلاميذ السنة 3 ثانوي بعنوان Ethical Standards in

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افتراضي بحث أنجليزية لتلاميذ السنة 3 ثانوي بعنوان Ethical Standards in

Definition :

Ethical standards definition deffers from one profession to another, but in general, we can say that ethical standards are the principles and the rules concerning duty, that every professional must have and follow.Or, in short, ethical standards are rules ans principles which govern right conduct.
Teaching Profession:
In the absence of ethics in such sensitive profession-teaching- there would be a lot of problems and social and moral prejudices. We mention:
-The bad and low level of pupils.
-There will be no respect between pupils and their teachers.
And here are the ethical standards that must be in teaching:
a-Care:
The ethical standard of Care includes compassion, acceptance, interest and insight for developing students' potential. Members express their commitment to students' well-being and learning through positive influence, professional judgment and empathy in practice.
b-Respect:
Intrinsic to the ethical standard of Respect is trust and fair-mindedness. Members honour human dignity, emotional wellness and cognitive development. In their professional practice, they model respect for spiritual and cultural values, social justice, confidentiality, freedom, demo****y and the environment.
c-Trust:
The ethical standard of Trust embodies fairness, openness and honesty. Members' professional relationships with students, colleagues, parents, guardians and the public are based on trust.
d-Integrity:
Honesty, reliability and moral action are embodied in the ethical standard of Integrity. Continual reflection assists members in exercising integrity in their professional commitments and responsibilities.

Journalism Profession:

Journalism is a very sensitive profession too, and the neglect of ethical standards may do:
- Conflicts between sides.
- The widespread of wrong information.
And here are the ethical standards related to journalism:

a-Objectivity:

• Reporter must avoid conflicts of interest — incentives to report a story with a given slant. This includes not taking bribes and not reporting on stories that affect the reporter's personal, economic or political interests.
• Competing points of view are balanced and fairly characterized.
• Persons who are the subject of adverse news stories are allowed a reasonable opportunity to respond to the adverse information before the story is published or broadcast.

b-Accuracy and standards for factual reporting:

• Reporters are expected to be as accurate as possible given the time allotted to story preparation and the space available, and to seek reliable sources.
• Events with a single eyewitness are reported with attribution. Events with two or more independent eyewitnesses may be reported as fact. Controversial facts are reported with attribution.
• Independent fact-checking by another employee of the publisher is desirable
• Corrections are published when errors are discovered .

c-Slander and libel considerations:

• Reporting the truth is never libel, which makes accuracy and attribution very important.
• Private persons have privacy rights that must be balanced against the public interest in reporting information about them. Public figures have fewer privacy rights.
• Publishers vigorously defend libel lawsuits filed against their reporters

d-Presentation:

• Correctly spoken or written ********.
• Clarity
• Brevity (or depth, depending on the niche of the publisher)

Banking :

We can not ignore the importance of banking in the society, that’s why, to avoid its ethics may :
-There will be person’s money and properties lost and stolen.
- An unequilibrium in the society ; ones are very rich and others very poor.
That’s why we have to deal with the ethical standards of banking
Companies do have ethical responsibility and are not protected by limited liability from the consequences of their actions. A company's record and the preception of its ethics affect its reputation and ensure long term success or failure.
The financial community has a history of placing moral considerations above legal or opportunistic expedients. But we are often exposed to moral dangers and the dangers of contamination are increasing. Deregulation and the technological revolution are sharpening ethical conflicts.
Bankers' role is one of stewardship based on trust. We are trusted by those who ask us to look after their money and we have a duty to lend that money responsibly.
Banking is about rewards reflecting real risks and ethical considerations form an important part of our risk-taking activities. The welfare of our borrowing customers, in good times and bad, is of major concern in any business proposition. Sometimes commercial considerations can be at odds where ethics and politics combine, for example, on the LDC debt question.
We depend on people to run our business and to reflect our ethical standards. We have to let our people know what is expected of them and help them to avoid pressures and temptations.
A bank's responsibility extends to Government, customers, shareholders, staff and the community. In the future, as we face increasingly complex and conflicting issues, our resolve and commitment to ethical behaviour will be tested.
Mr Charles F Green, 58, was a Deputy Group Chief Executive of National Westminster Bank since 1 December 1986 and a Director since February 1982. Exercised oversight of UK Financial Services and Support Services, as well as shared in the Chief Executive's representational Sole.
In July 1989, Mr. Green resigned from the National Westminster Bank.
His outside commitments are largely Church based. Since 1980 a member of the Church of England General Synod, he is currently Vice Chairman of the Church's Board for Social Responsibility and is Chairman of its Industrial and Economic Affairs Committee and a Trustee of the Church Urban Fund.
He is also Chairman of the Executive Committee of Business in the Community, Chairman of the CBI Overseas Committee and Treasurer of the Policy Studies Institute